The African ministerial summit on migration was held in Egypt's New Administrative Capital at the beginning of April 2023, featuring foreign ministers and representatives from 17 African countries known as the "leading nations" in implementing the Global Compact for Migration. This meeting was part of the preparations for the upcoming international migration review forum scheduled to take place in New York in May 2023, amidst a tense regional atmosphere.
The ministers issued a joint statement titled the "Cairo Declaration," which emphasized the necessity of unifying Africa's position on migration issues. The declaration stressed the importance of regular migration pathways, enhancing cross-border cooperation, and expanding job and mobility opportunities. It also underscored the need to respect national sovereignty and local peculiarities in implementing the Global Compact, while committing to combat smuggling and human trafficking networks, developing legal identity systems, and supporting the dignified return and reintegration of migrants.
Event Details
The "Cairo Declaration" clearly aimed to highlight the independence of the African discourse on migration, although it did not completely sever ties with international dependency. The ministers emphasized that the continent is not merely a party affected by global policies but an active partner in shaping them, as reflected in the final statement that affirmed the "necessity of coordination to combat organized crime and human trafficking."
This discourse, according to observers, reflects a desire to redefine Africa's position within the international system, moving away from the traditional narrative that focuses on irregular migration towards Europe. However, the declaration remained surrounded by realistic constraints, as the conflict in the Middle East cast a shadow over the discussions, revealing the fragility of the surrounding political environment.
Background & Context
This summit comes at a time when many African countries are grappling with economic and social challenges, exacerbating irregular migration. A report by the Associated Press noted that statements from the Egyptian foreign minister, expressing dissatisfaction with the lack of global support, reflect the continent's ongoing need for funding and external assistance.
In this context, the Director General of the International Organization for Migration, Amy Pope, affirmed that Africa's voice is essential in shaping global migration governance, emphasizing the organization's readiness to support member states in ensuring that African priorities are considered in migration issues.
Impact & Consequences
The "Cairo Declaration" represents a step towards relative independence, as it seeks to impose the continent's priorities in international forums. However, this declaration does not completely end dependency; rather, it opens the door for new negotiations with international partners, as Africa attempts to be an active participant in policy formulation without foregoing external support.
This shift in African discourse could contribute to improving the continent's image in the international community and enhance opportunities for regional and international cooperation in addressing migration issues. Nevertheless, the greatest challenge remains how to achieve this amid the current political and economic circumstances.
Regional Significance
Arab countries are directly affected by migration issues, as they serve as key transit points for African migrants. Therefore, enhancing African cooperation in this area could positively impact the stability of the region. Additionally, comprehensively addressing migration issues could help alleviate social and economic pressures on Arab nations.
In conclusion, the "Cairo Declaration" represents an important step towards strengthening African cooperation in the field of migration, but it requires ongoing efforts to achieve the desired goals.