Hukumar fadar shugaban kasa ta yanke shawarar katse hanyoyin mai ga Cuba tare da barazanar "mallakar kai tsaye" akan tsibirin da gwamnatin tarayya ke mulki, a cikin yanayi mai rauni na sojoji a Venezuela da Iran. Shugaba Donald Trump ya rubuta cewa: "Whether I free it, take it, I think I can do anything I want with it. They're a very weakened nation right now." Ana ganin karancin man fetur na kusa da tare da tattalin arzikin Cuba da ke fuskantar kulle.
Amma, ina komawa tunanina ga wani lokaci da ba na nesa ba lokacin da ya yi kama da cewa ƙasashen sunyi ƙoƙarin dawo da kyakkyawar dangantaka bayan shekaru da dama na rashin jituwa. Na sauka a Havana a watan Maris na shekarar 2012 don gudanar da ziyara ga Pope Benedict XVI. Filin jirgin sama yana da ƙanƙanta kuma na yi buƙatun amsa ga wanda ya rubuta cewa mu ‘yan jarida ne kuma takardun mu sunyi rajistar a gaba, kasancewar akwai kungiyar da ke magana da Spanish ya zama mai amfani wajen wannan tsarin.
Alamomin Sauyin Dangi a Cuba
Wasu unguwanni na birnin sunyi kama da hotunan gine-ginen da ke ruruwa da kuma launin pastel da tsofaffin motoci na Amurka. Tun bayan juyin juya hali na shekarar 1959 da mulkin Fidel Castro, Cuba ta ƙara kusanci da tsohuwar gwamnatin Soviet, inda aka kwace kadarorin da kamfanoni na Amurka don amsa ga hauhawar tsanani. A shekarar 1962, Shugaba John F. Kennedy ya amince da kulle-kullen na cikakken, wanda ya kai ga karancin abinci, mai, da kayayyakin amfani.
To amma kasancewata a can ta ba ni jin cewa abubuwa na fara canjawa. Tsakanin 2012 da 2016, na yi tafiya goma a fagen aikin ga cibiyar sadarwar CNBC tare da manazarci Michelle Caruso-Cabrera. Kowane ganawa tana bayyana kamar gidan tarihi me daraja, amma a ƙarshe, wannan juyawar ta ɓace kadan-kadan.
Hanyoyin Sabuntawa da Juyin Halitta
A cikin ziyara ta farko, Havana tana kokarin shirya shirin zuwa ga Pope: sabbin gashashen fenti suna bushewa a wasu wurare a kan titin da ake tsammanin gudanar da tawagar Pope. A cikin ƙasar da aka gina bisa tsarin tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru, zama na malamin addini ya zama kamar wani abu na musamman; yana nuna alamar yiwuwar bude hanya.
Daga baya abubuwa sun tashi cikin sauri. Kasa da shekara guda, an gayyace mu cikin ƙungiya ƙanana na 'yan jarida don ganin 'abubuwan karin lokaci' da aka kira, mun hadu da gwamnan bankin tsakiya da masu kananan sana'o'i suna ƙoƙarin hawa cikin tsarin da ke canzawa amma ba tare da zuba jari ba. Mun fice daga shirin hukuma mu ziyarci garin Hershey wanda Milton Hershey ya ginawa don samun sukari a zamanin farko na karni na 20, wanda ke zama tunawa da tarihi na Cuba na Amurka: masana'antar Coca-Cola ta koma ga gwamnatin, da ofishin Western Union ya zama wurin sadarwa, sannan shagon Woolworth ya koma zama shahararren shago na gasa.
Illoli da Tasirin Canje-canje
A watan Yuli na 2015, Shugaba Barack Obama ya sanar da sabunta alakar diplomasiyya. Mun tashi daga New York zuwa Miami sa’an nan kuma a cikin jirgin sama na musamman zuwa Havana. A ƙasa, akwai jin daɗin jindadin wuri, amma a bayyane akwai kiyaye ga hankali; mutane suna fatan riga kamar yadda kwarewar su daga baya ta koya musu cewa fatan kyakkyawa na iya ɓacewa cikin sauri. Bayan wata guda, an sake bude ofishin jakadancin Amurka a karon farko tun fiye da shekaru hamsin, kuma Havana ta shaida tsafta da tutar Amurka a wani ginin mai tasiri a cikin titin, wannan yana ba da alamar canji ga matasa waɗanda suka ga karuwa a cikin damar, hanyoyi, da zaɓuɓɓuka.
Ziyara ta Obama a watan Maris na shekara ta gaba ta ƙara karfafa wannan jin: an sassauta sharuddan tafiye-tafiye ga 'yan Amurka kuma an fara takamaiman musayar kasuwanci. Kulle ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da dokar Amurka amma ya kasance kan gagarumin canji. Tsibirin ya yi taron kai tsaye tare da Rolling Stones da wasan baseball na Amurka na farko cikin shekaru masu yawa.
Hankalin Al’umma da Ci Gaba
Kodayake, tsantsan ya kasance a kan harka; da yawa daga cikin Cubans sun tsayar da ƙarin fata saboda tsoron rashin rasa shi kamar yadda aka taɓa. Ba kowa ya yarda cewa bude alaƙar ya yi nisa tare da gwamnatin shiyen ba tare da tilasta juyin halitta ba.
Ci gaban ya ci gaba da tafiya da sauri: a shekarar 2016, jirgin kamfanin Carnival na Vathom ya jafo tare da zama tare da Havana, wanda shine jirgin yawon shakatawa na farko na Amurka da ya ziyarta tsibirin tun shekara ta 1978. A watan Nuwamba, kamfanin Jet Blue ya fara jigilar kai tsaye daga New York. Akwai lokacin da ya bayyana kamar tsagewar shinge ta ragu kadan.
Hanyoyin Rahoto da Kammalawa
Ba a samun sauki a cikin rahoton jarida: ana iya ƙin takardun shaidar ba tare da gargaɗi ba, kuma wayoyin suna da wahalar aiki kodayake sabis na Wi-Fi yana da ƙarancin yawa. Jerin gidan cin abinci suna da tsawo amma galibi suna kara cewa abincin kawai da ake da shi shine shinkafa da wake. Na ga gabobin taimako ga gine-gine amma suka zama da karancin hawa mai rauni.
Duk da haka, akwai ƙaramin alamu na canji: ana buɗe gidajen cin abinci a cikin gidaje, da kuma amfani da shaguna kamar Airbnb don shigar da gidaje. Canje-canjen ba su yi girma ba amma suna nan a zahiri.
Jirgin da na karshe ya kasance a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2016 bayan rasuwar Fidel Castro don yin karin haske mai zurfi a kan jana'izarsa. Duk da cewa Castro ya yi murabus don mika iko ga ɗanʼuwansa Raul shekaru da dama, mutuwarsa ta zama wani muhimmin lokaci. Toronto ya kasance shiru a wannan tarihin: kiɗa ya tsaya, abubuwa masu ƙamshi sun ɓace, sannan aka fara wa’azin huta, wanda ke nufin mutane sun gina dogon layi don rubuta a cikin kundin tunawa.
Daga wajen, wannan al'amarin yana nan a matsayin karshen a bayyane, amma cikin gida ba ya da sauƙin kammala haka. Akwai shaidar cewa kwarin gwiwa da aka samu a shekarun da suka wuce sun fara ɓacewa, kuma tambayoyi sun maimaita: mene ne zai faru yanzu? Me game da canje-canje? Me game da hulɗa tare da Amurka?
Over the next years, much of that momentum slowed and, in some cases, reversed: USEmbassy staff withdrew, new travel restrictions were imposed in November 2017, and the flow of American visitors decreased. The opening that once seemed possible began to recede in the face of deeper tensions.
Tarihi ba ya fito koyaushe da farawa da ƙare mai kyau a bayyane, kuma a Cuba tarihi a lokaci guda yana komo ga kansa. Menene zai biyo bayan haka tsakanin waɗannan makwabta har yanzu bangon da ba a rubuta a kai ba ne.